Esplendores y miserias de la evangelizacion de America

Bernal Díaz del Castillo (1492-1584) was a foot soldier in the army of Mexico's conqueror Hernán Cortés. The first edition of his True History of the Conquest of New Spain (as it was entitled in a later English translation) was published in Madrid in 1632 from a manuscript copy sent to Spain shortly after the author's death. Written in a highly accessible style, and describing the experiences of the troops themselves rather than seeing events from an officer's perspective, the work became even more successful than the official accounts and went through many editions and translations. The...

n the last decades—and especially since the 1990s—there has been a noticeable reemergence of the nineteenth century in Southern Cone culture. Popular nineteenth-century figures (indios, gauchos, letrados, and cautivas) have reentered the national literary scene in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay. Nineteenth-century heroes such as San Martín and Artigas are again the main protagonists of Southern Cone theater, film, and literature. Canonical nineteenth-century texts (La cautiva, Martín Fierro, Facundo) are being rewritten one more time in different artistic fields. Foundational...

Jorge Garcia Montes was born in New York, United States, on october 19, 1898. His father, Jose Maria Garcia Montes, was exiled during the war of Cuba's independence against the Spaniards. Later, he became the first Secretary of Finance in 1902 with the first President of the Republic of Cuba, Tomas Estrada Palma. He studied at the University of Havana, where he graduated with a Law degree in 1917. An eminent student, he recieved several awards, among them the Lanuza prize. Elected to the House of Representatives from the Province of Santa Clara, Garcia Montes was a member of the Liberal...

El califato de Rashidun se caracteriza por un período de veinticinco años de rápida expansión militar, seguido de un período de luchas internas de cinco años. El ejército Rashidun en su apogeo contaba con más de 100, 000 hombres. En la década de 650, el califato, además de la Península Arábiga, había subyugado el Levante, al Transcaucaso en el norte; Norte de África desde Egipto hasta la actual Túnez en el oeste; y la meseta iraní a partes de Asia Central y Asia del Sur en el este. El califato abasí fue el tercero de los califatos islámicos en suceder al profeta islámico...