World Economic Outlook, April 2018

Major macroeconomic realignments are affecting prospects differentially across the world’s countries and regions. The April 2016 WEO examines the causes and implications of these realignments—including the slowdown and rebalancing in China, a further decline in commodity prices, a related slowdown in investment and trade, and declining capital flows to emerging market and developing economies—which are generating substantial uncertainty and affecting the outlook for the global economy. Additionally, analytical chapters examine the slowdown in capital flows to emerging market economies...

The pace of recovery has disappointed in recent years, and downside risks have increased, including from heightened geopolitical tensions. These increased risks make it a priority to raise actual and potential growth. In a number of economies, an increase in public infrastructure investment can also provide support to demand and help boost potential output. And in advanced economies as well as emerging and developing economies there is a general, urgent need for structural reforms to strengthen growth potential or make growth more sustainable. The four individual chapters examine the overall...

Global growth for 2018–19 is projected to remain steady at its 2017 level, but its pace is less vigorous than projected in April and it has become less balanced. Downside risks to global growth have risen in the past six months and the potential for upside surprises has receded. Global growth is projected at 3.7 percent for 2018–19—0.2 percentage point lower for both years than forecast in April. The downward revision reflects surprises that suppressed activity in early 2018 in some major advanced economies, the negative effects of the trade measures implemented or approved between...

Governance of permissioned blockchains is a key issue for the short-term success and further development and consolidation of decentralized ledger technology (DLT) general purpose networks. The present book, written by thirty authors and directed by Prof. Ibáñez, one of the Consorcio Red Alastria blockchain community cofounders, shows how this pioneer worldwide public-permissioned national ecosystem, Alastria, is to be governed and organized. The different sections of this collective work analyze the mission and vision of Alastria from a multidisciplinary viewpoint encompassing the...

La comunicación de marketing es la variable del mix de marketing que está experimentando más cambios, fruto de los avances en las nuevas tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones. Por ello, el presente manual trata de dar una visión actual, completa y didáctica de las diferentes variables y herramientas disponibles dentro del mix de comunicación de marketing de una forma integrada y planificada. La visión integrada viene de la mano de un primer capítulo centrado en definir, analizar y reflexionar sobre la Comunicación Integrada de Marketing (CIM), su sentido, y cómo...

Información documentada requerida por la Norma Internacional ISO 9001:2015, para la implementación del Sistema de Gestión de Calidad. Regla general al decidir si se requiere documentar un proceso es la siguiente: si existe la posibilidad de que el proceso no se lleve a cabo como se planificó, debes documentarlo para evitar el riesgo. En muchos casos, esta es la mejor manera de asegurar que tu Sistema de Gestión de Calidad se implemente de manera fiable. La Información documentada la mencionan en muchas páginas webs especializadas y hasta indican el apartado en la norma, donde dicen que ...

Dos tipos de sangre corren por este libro: la estadística, del investigador Charles Kepner, y la experiencia, de Jay Henry Soothill, quien fuera superintendente y testigo de la empresa más poderosa de transporte y producción de fruta en Centroamérica durante la primera mitad del siglo XX. Aunque el texto que aquí se presenta fue publicado originalmente en Nueva York en 1935, esta edición retoma la traducción realizada por la Imprenta Nacional de Cuba en 1961, a la que se ha añadido un prólogo de Juan Valdés Paz, reciente Premio Nacional de Ciencias Sociales de Cuba. Así, a medio...